01 · Most common cause: mica waveguide cover
Year 6 to 10. Customers often call it "the wax paper thing".
The waveguide cover is a small mica panel on the right side or top of the microwave cavity. Mica is a heat-resistant mineral; customers often misidentify it as wax paper, cardboard, or plastic. It covers the opening where microwaves enter the cavity from the magnetron, protecting the magnetron from food splatter.
Failure pattern: food splashes (cheese, melted soup, sauce, oil) bake onto the mica over years of use. Year 6 to 10 typical for a hard-use household. Eventually the baked-on residue carbonizes and conducts electricity, which is when arcing begins.
Brown or black burn = replace
If the waveguide cover has visible brown or black burn marks, crusty carbon residue, or charred edges, replacement is required. Continued use ignites the carbon and propagates damage to the magnetron, cavity coating, or surrounding plastic.
White discoloration = wipe and assess
White discoloration is typically food residue or mineral deposit from steam, not burn damage. Wipe gently with a damp cloth (no abrasive cleaners; mica is delicate). If the surface cleans up to its original off-white color, the cover is still functional and arcing was something else (foreign metal, cavity damage, magnetron). If the white residue won't wipe off or there's any brown crust mixed in, replacement is the call.
Replacement: $40 to $120 part plus $89 diagnostic plus 15-minute install. Common sparking-microwave repair, often $169 to $209 total resolved.